Spring Cloud 整合Gateway网关
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Spring Cloud 整合Gateway网关
1.Gateway网关介绍
- 网关:流量的入口
- 网关常用功能:路由转发,权限校验,限流控制
- Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring Cloud官方推出的第二代网关框架
- Spring Cloud Gateway取代了netflix的Zuul网关
2.Gateway原理
PassJava项目中,小程序和管理后台请求先访问到API网关.
API网关通过注册中心实时感知微服务的状态的路由地址,准确地将请求路由到各个服务.
官方文档:https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.2.RELEASE/reference/html/
请求到达网关后,先经过断言Predicate,是否符合某个路由规则
如果符合,则按路由规则路由到指定地址
请求和响应都可以通过过滤器Filter进行过滤
3.创建Gateway 模块
- 适用Spring 初始化器创建Gateway module
- 创建module
- 选择Gateway依赖
- 引入Gateway模块
<module>passjava-gateway</module>
4.配置Gateway
- 引入Nacos组件
因common模块引入了nacos注册中心组件,所以我们可以直接引用common模块
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jackson0714.passjava</groupId>
<artifactId>passjava-common</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
- 应用类上添加注解
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@RefreshScope
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
public class PassjavaGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PassjavaGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}
5.使用Gateway demo
新建application.yml文件
spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: route_qq uri: http://www.qq.com predicates: - Query=url,qq - id: route_baidu uri: http://www.baidu.com predicates: - Query=url,baidu
第一条路由规则:当请求路径中包含url=qq,则跳转到http://www.qq.com
第二条路由规则:当请求路径中包含url=baidu,则跳转到http://www.baidu.com
遇到的问题
which is incompatible with Spring Cloud Gateway at this time. Please remove spring-boot-starter-web dependency.
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>test-framework-common</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<-- httpClient依赖,缺少此依赖api网关转发请求时可能发生503错误 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
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